
本指南是关于发电机并联系统配置的. 它谈论的是零件, 如何同步它们以及如何以良好的方式实施它们. 在领域 电力工程 使用一台发电机并不总是最好的主意. 有时使用较小的值会更好 发电机 一起工作.
无论您是在为医院制造电力系统, 在数据中心或工厂,您需要知道如何使发电机顺利协同工作. 这是拥有电源的关键.
1. 什么是发电机并联系统配置?
发电机并联是指将两台或多台发电机连接到母排上. 这样他们就可以为负载提供电力. 通过使用一台大型 2000kW 发电机,您可以使用四台连接在一起的 500kW 发电机.
为了使发电机并行工作,它们需要同步. 这意味着它们的电压, 频率, 相位角和相位旋转需要匹配. 如果这些东西不匹配,可能会导致机械故障或电气爆炸等问题.
2. 发电机并联系统配置的优点
为什么选择并联系统而不是一台大型发电机? 好处很多,从省钱到更可靠.
2.1 冗余和可靠性
您可以通过系统获得冗余和可靠性. 如果一台发电机出现故障,其他发电机仍可提供电力. 这称为 $N+1$ 策略, 其中 $N$ 是您需要的发电机数量, $+1$ 是额外的发电机, 待机状态.
2.2 可扩展性
发电机并联系统配置也是可扩展的. 如果设施扩大,您无需更换发电机. 您只需在现有系统中添加另一个发电机即可. 这是一种省钱的方法,因为您只需支付您需要的费用.
发电机在运行时工作最佳 70% 到 80% 他们的能力. 如果大型发电机仅以 20% 容量大,浪费大量燃料. 在系统中,您可以关闭不需要的发电机,以便其他发电机能够以最佳状态运行.
2.3 维护方便
维护发电机也更容易. 您可以使一台发电机离线进行维护,而无需切断建筑物的电源. 其他发电机可以处理负载,因此您不必担心断电.
3. 发电机并联系统配置技术要求
在将两台发电机连接到总线之前,有四件重要的事情必须相同. 新的数字控制器可以自动完成此操作. 你必须为此做好计划. 您需要考虑相位旋转. 两个生成器都必须有顺序, 像L1-L2-L3.
电压幅度也很重要. 发电机电压必须与母线电压相同. 然后是频率. 两台发电机都必须以 60Hz 的速度运行. 相位角也很重要. 正弦波必须同时达到峰值.
4. 发电机并联系统配置的关键组件
要使并行系统工作,您需要的不仅仅是电缆. 您需要很多部件(例如硬件和软件)一起工作.
4.1 并联开关柜
这是电力发送到设施其他部分之前所有发电机汇合的连接点. 它有母线, 断路器和保护继电器.
4.2 数字主控制器
这是系统的大脑. 它会查看需要多少电力并决定打开哪些发电机, 关闭或进入待机状态. 它还确保,如果没有电源,它可以关闭办公室空调等不必要的东西,以便重要的事情, 就像生命维持系统继续工作一样.
4.3 调速器和稳压器
这些有助于发电机协同工作并分担负载. 它们必须能够支持下垂或等时负载共享模式,以便一台发电机不会承担所有负载. 导致其他人关闭.
5. 发电机并联系统配置负载共享策略
您必须决定发电机如何分担负载.
5.1 下垂负载分配
在此模式下,当负载增加时频率会略有下降. 这使得发电机能够自行平衡负载,而无需一直相互通信. 这是一种做事的方式,但这意味着频率并不总是相同的.
5.2 等时负载共享

The controllers talk to each other using a fast data link so they can keep the frequency the same, when the load changes. If the load increases all the generators increase their power at the time so the frequency stays the same.
6. 发电机并联系统配置步骤
Here is the complete guide.
6.1 负载曲线
You need to figure out your peak load and your minimum load. This helps you decide how many generators you need. For example if your peak load is 1500kW and your minimum load is 400kW you might want to use three 500kW generators of one 1500kW generator.
6.2 选择发电机兼容性
It is easiest to use generators that’re the same so they all work together well.
6.3 设计开关设备逻辑
You have to decide which generator starts first. Usually you want to rotate which generator is the lead so they all run for the amount of time.
6.4 设置减载
You have to decide what loads are critical, what loads are essential and what loads are not essential. If one of the generators fails the system has to be able to turn off the -essential loads quickly so the whole system does not shut down.
7. 发电机并联系统配置挑战和解决方案
Here are the common challenges and their solutions.
7.1 循环电流
Circulating Currents are a problem when the voltages do not match. The solution is to use the Automatic Voltage Regulators and make sure the cross-current compensation is correct.
7.2 谐波失真
Harmonic Distortion is something that happens a lot in data centers that use UPS systems. To fix this you can use generators with a kind of winding that helps reduce the third harmonic.
7.3 通讯故障
Communication Failure is what happens when the data link between the generators is broken. The solution is to set up a plan called “Fail-to-Droop” so the units can still share the load safely even without the data link.
8. 发电机并联系统配置结论
Using a lot of generators in a parallel system is the best way to make sure the power is always on in very important places. When you spread the load across generators that are working together you get a level of reliability and efficiency that one generator cannot provide. Even though setting this up in the beginning requires planning and special equipment, the good things about having extra generators and saving fuel make it the best choice for very important operations.
9. 与华泉电力一起建设您的并联电厂
Huaquan Power is very good at designing and setting up parallel generator systems. Our generators come with controllers like DeepSea or ComAp that make it easy and safe to synchronize them. Whether you need two 发电机 for a clinic or ten generators, for a park Huaquan Power can give you the equipment, switchgear and technical help you need to make your plan work. You can contact Huaquan Power today to talk about the power system in your building.



